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For Freedom: The Story of a French Spy by Kimberly Brubaker Bradley

Dec23

“This book is written as fiction but tells a true story.”

Suzanne David Hall was thirteen years old in 1940 when the Germans invaded France, and she later became a spy for the French resistance. While training to become an opera singer, she relayed messages that helped bring about the Allied invasion of Normandy. The 2003 novel For Freedom: The Story of a French Spy by Kimberly Brubaker Bradley is based on interviews with Hall.

The novel is quite exciting, and the tension builds as Suzanne is called on to deliver her messages more and more frequently and as the spy network in which she works becomes smaller and smaller when the Germans capture the spies one by one. Suzanne is a brave girl, and she continues her work even though she knows the Nazis will torture or even kill her if she is found out. The prose in the story is simple and straightforward, and the pacing is mostly good, although the novel does start out a little slowly. The book is halfway through before Suzanne’s spy adventures start.

For Freedom is a good introduction to so many World War II topics: Dunkirk, Vichy France, the French Resistance, German occupation of France, daily life under German occupation, the Allied invasion of Normandy. But it’s not just a nice “salad” accompaniment to the main course of the history of World War II. The story carried me along and made me feel how difficult it must have been to be involved in the Resistance, never knowing from one day to the next whether this day would be the last before you were captured by the Germans.

Isn’t that what courage is? Courage: to keep doing right, to persevere in the face of uncertainty and even valid reasonable fear. If I were doing something that I knew would lead to disaster, if I were certain that I would be caught and killed and unable to complete my mission, it would be foolish and useless to persist. But if it’s only very likely that I might be arrested and if what I was doing was likely to help many people if I could continue, then bravery would be required. Suzanne was a brave young woman, “a hero of France.”

Saraswati’s Way by Monika Schroder

Dec21

Twelve year old Akash sees patterns of numbers in his head. The village math teacher can only take him so far in math, bu he puts an idea in Akash’s mind of winning a scholarship to a school in the city. So Akash prays to Saraswati, the goddess of knowledge and wisdom, to make a way for him to hire a tutor to teach the math he needs to know to pass the scholarship examination.

The last book I read, Words in the Dust, was set in Afghanistan and was very Muslim, and now this book, set in India, is very Hindu. Akash prays to Saraswati, goes to the temple, performs Hindu funeral rites for his father (Bapu) in hopes that his Bapu’s soul will be freed to go . . . somewhere good. If this honest and vivid depiction of Hindu religion makes you uncomfortable, as I must admit it did me to some extent, then maybe that’s a good thing. I tend to forget that there are people who live and die in the grips of what I would consider an enslaving and false religious tradition.

Akash becomes a child of the streets, living in the railway station in Delhi. He works and works to find a way to attend a school where he can learn more, especially more math. He makes some good decisions (saving his money and not sniffing glue) and some nearly disastrous ones (dealing drugs to make money). And in the end, the reader is left with only the hope that Akash might, just possibly, be able to go to school and get off the streets.

Author Monika Schroder says in her Author’s Note:

A boy like Akash has only a slim chance of fulfilling his dream in contemporary India. Yet I wanted to write a hopeful book about a child who, with determination, courage, and some luck, achieves his goal against all odds.

If you like this book about a street child in India and you’re interested in similar or related stories, I recommend:

Boys Without Names by Kashmira Sheth. Brief Semicolon review here.
Monsoon Summer by Mitali Perkins. Semicolon review here.
Homeless Bird by Gloria Whelan.
What Then, Raman? by Shirley Arora.
The movie, Slumdog Millionaire.

Words in the Dust by Trent Reedy

Dec20

I found the story behind this book almost as intriguing as the book itself. In an author’s note at the end of the book, Mr. Reedy says he wrote the novel by accident. He planned to write children’s books set in small town Iowa, but he was sent to Afghanistan in 2004 as a part of an Army National Guard unit. At first, he hated his job providing security for reconstruction teams that were rebuilding Afghanistan’s infrastructure after decades of war and repression. He felt as if he were being cheated of his chance to repay the Al Qaeda terrorists for their actions on 9/11. Then, he began to meet and get to know average Afghan people, including a girl named Zulaikha who was afflicted with a cleft lip. American army surgeons were able to perform corrective surgery on Zulaikha’s lip and palate. And Mr. Reedy had a story that that he was anxious to tell.

“I have never been a girl and I am not an Afghan. Many would say that stories about Afghan girls should best be told by Afghan girls. I agree completely. I would love nothing more than to read the story of the girl who we helped in her own words. However, the terrible reality is that by some estimates, 87 percent of Afghan women are illiterate. . . Though progress is being made in Afghan education, too many Afghan girls are unable to get their stories out. In spite of this, or maybe even because of it, I believe it is very important for more Afghan stories to be told, as a greater understanding may foster peace.”

So, Words in the Dust is the fictional story of Zulaikha, a Muslim girl living in northern Afghanistan, based on the story of the real Zulaikha and on the stories of other people Mr. Reedy met during his time in Afghanistan. I thought the story was fascinating, true to life as far as I am able to judge, and somewhat horrifying. Some really, really bad things happen in Zulaikha’s life in in her family. So this book is not for young readers or tender minds. Mr. Reedy describes the bad stuff in a respectful, almost understated, way, but it’s still bad stuff.

So I would classify this book as Young Adult fiction, emphasis on the adult. Zulaikha is an engaging heroine, and again quite representative of what I would think Afghan girlhood is really like. The culture is very Muslim, very male-dominated, and the book ends with Zulaikha’s hopes for the future along with the word, Inshallah, “God willing”. Words in the Dust would be a good introduction to life in a traditional Muslim culture in a country that has been torn by war and nearly destroyed by Taliban terrorism and persecution of females.

I appreciated the story and the look into another way of life and the possibilities and problems that are present in Afghanistan even now.

A Long Walk to Water by Linda Sue Park

Dec9

I have a feeling, in light of my North Africa project, that I’m going to be reading several books about the “Lost Boys” Sudan. So basic facts:

“The Lost Boys of Sudan is the name given to the groups of over 20,000 boys of the Nuer and Dinka ethnic groups who were displaced and/or orphaned during the Second Sudanese Civil War (1983–2005).” (Wikipedia).

The Second Sudanese Civil War was mostly a continuation of the First Sudanese Civil War (1955-1972). Around 2 million people have died as a result of the civil war in Sudan, and another 4 million have been driven from their homes by war, famine, and drought. Sudan gained its independence from Great Britain in 1953, but the Sudanese were not prepared for self-government. Southern Sudan was mostly Christian or animist. The people who live in South Sudan are mostly black Africans. South Sudan also has significant oil fields. Northern Sudan, where the center of power was and is, after the British left, is mostly Arab Muslim. The war spread to the western region of Sudan called Darfur because the government was persecuting the people there who were also non-Arabs, although mostly Muslims. South Sudan became an independent state on July 9, 2011. Fighting and famine are ongoing in both Darfur and South Sudan.

A Long Walk to Water by Linda Sue Park is subtitled “a novel based on a true story.” The true story is that of a Sudanese boy named Salva Dut who in 1985 was forced to flee his village in Southern Sudan. Salva became separated from his family and his fellow villagers, and he went first to Ethiopia, then to Kenya, in search of refuge and reunification with his family and tribe.

There’s a parallel story about a young girl called Nya from a different tribe and village than Salva who spends her days carrying water from a contaminated water hole miles away from her home so that her family can survive and have water. Nya’s story takes place in 2008.

The two stories are told in alternating chapters from the point of view of Nya and then Salva until their stories converge in a surprising manner. I kept wondering throughout the book how the two stories related, and although the denouement was satisfying, I was a bit frustrated by the wait. I’m not sure I would have chosen to tell Nya’s and Salva’s tales in exactly this way, but then I’m not a Newbery award winning author. (Ms. Park won the Newbery for her historical fiction novel, A Single Shard.)

It’s a good story to introduce children to the problems in Sudan and especially the lives of hardship that some children in the world must live. The book is short, 115 pages, and easy to read, but some of the scenes are harrowing and not appropriate for young or sensitive children.

Part of the purpose of Ms. Park’s book is to promote Salva Dut’s nonprofit foundation, Water for South Sudan.

Water for South Sudan from Water for South Sudan on Vimeo.

Reading Challenge: Northern Africa

Nov28

I’ve been interested for a while in reading books about Africa. If you look at the top of this page you will see a link to my pages of Books about Africa, sorted by region and then by country. So I decided to get organized in 2012 and sponsor a challenge for myself and anyone else who wants to join in.

'africa-globe' photo (c) 2007, openDemocracy - license: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/I (we) will be concentrating on Northern Africa this year. It’s a good place to start because I think we could all afford to know a little more about this part of the world from which so much of our heritage comes and in which so much has been happening lately. In my template, there are eleven countries in Northern Africa: Algeria, Chad, Egypt, Libya, Mali, Mauritania, Morocco, Niger, Sudan, Tunisia, and Western Sahara. The challenge is to read eleven books either set in this region or written by authors from this region in 2012. I hope to read read at least one adult book and one children’s book from each country. The children’s books may be more difficult to find.

You are welcome to try any one of the following challenges—or make up your own.

1. North Africa Tour: Read at least one book from each of the eleven countries in Northern Africa. Since the challenge runs for eleven months, this challenge would entail reading one book per month.

2. African Country Concentration: Read five books set in one of the countries of Northern Africa or five books by authors from one of the countries of Northern Africa. Example: Read five books by Egyptian authors.

3. Children’s Challenge: Read five to eleven children’s books set in Northern Africa. Adults are welcome to do this challenge either with a child or not.

The Northern Africa Challenge begins on January 1, 2012 and ends on December 1, 2012. If you choose to read eleven books for this challenge, that will be one book per month. If you would like to join me in this challenge in 2012, please leave a comment. I will keep a list of challenge participants in a separate post, and I will link to your reviews, if you write them and send me links, on my Africa pages. (If you already have book reviews on your blog related to Northern Africa, those books don’t count for the challenge. However, if you send me the links at sherryDOTearlyAtgmailDOTcom, I will add your reviews to my Northern Africa page.) If anyone knows how to make nifty graphics/buttons and wants to make one for this challenge, I will be appreciative. I am graphically and artistically challenged. (Get it? Challenged? Ho, ho!) There may or may not be prizes for those who complete the challenge: I’m looking at some books related to Africa to give as prizes.

I will also be praying for the people and countries of North Africa as I read about them, and you’re welcome to join me in that endeavor, too.

1928: Events and Inventions

Oct24

January 10, 1928. Soviet leader Joseph Stalin exiles all opposition leaders for Moscow. Leon Trotsky is sent to Alma-Ata in Kazahkstan. Other rivals have been sent to Siberia or to small remote villages in the Soviet Union.

May, 1928. Japanese and Chinese Nationalist forces clash in Shantung province in China. The Japanese retain control of the city of Tsinan-Fu

June 8, 1928. Nationalist forces, led by General Chiang Kai-shek enter the Chinese capital of Beijing (Peking). Chiang has expelled the Communists from the Kuomingtang, and he and his Nationalists may now be regarded as ruling the entire country of China, except for a few pockets of rebellion by Japanese, Communist and warlord groups.

'Nationalist government of Nanking - nominally ruling over entire China, 1930' photo (c) 2008, http://maps.bpl.org - license: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/

June, 1928. US aviator Amelia Earhart, as a passenger, is the first woman to cross the Atlantic by air.

July, 1928. The first commercially available TV set goes on sale in the U.S. Cost: $75.00.

August 27, 1928. The Kellogg-Briand Treaty. The United States, France, Great Britain, Germany, and eleven other countries sign a treaty promising not to go to war—ever. the treaty is also called the General Treaty for the Renunciation of War or the World Peace Act. There is an exception in the treaty for wars of self-defense.

September 30, 1928. Scottish doctor and bacteriologist Alexander Fleming discovers the antibiotic penicillin. It is hoped that this wonder drug may soon be used to treat human bacterial infections.

October 1, 1928. Stalin announces his Five Year Plan to industrialize the Soviet Union, iprove it socialist economy, and take all farming out of private hands.

October 6, 1928. Chaing Kai-Shek becomes Chairman of the Nationalist government and COmander-in-Chief of all armed forces in China under the new CHinese constitution. Chiang chooses the city of Nanking as his capital, and his alliance with Northern warlords seems to be keeping the Communists and other dissidents out of contention for power in the Chinese government.

October 7, 1928. Ras Tafari is crowned “King of Kings of Ethiopia, the Conquering Lion of Judah and the Elect of God” in ceremonies at the Ethiopian capital of Addis Ababa. Ras Tafari says that he is a descendant of King Solomon and the Queen of Sheba, but he is required to share power with his aunt, Empress Zauditu.

Kool-Aid, the first powdered soft drink mix to be sold nationally in stores through wholesalers, is packaged in envelopes printed by Edwin Perkins, the inventor of the drink mix, and hits the markets in 1928, first locally and then beyond.

The Berlin Boxing Club by Robert Sharenow

Oct19

Nominated for 2011 Cybil Awards, Young Adult Fiction category. Nominated by Teacher.Mother.Reader.

Berlin, 1935-1938. Fourteen year old Karl Stern doesn’t look Jewish, and he doesn’t feel Jewish. His family has never been religious, and Karl’s name doesn’t give him away either. However, Germany is slowly but surely becoming a place where it doesn’t matter what you think or believe or feel: being Jewish is like being a rotten apple. And, according to Nazi propaganda, the rot will come out and become apparent for all to see.

So, Karl is one of those “self-loathing” Jews who denies his heritage and just wants to fit in. He wishes he could join the Hitler Youth like all of the other boys in his school. He wishes he weren’t Jewish. The problem with reading these Holocaust and pre-Holocaust novels is that one knows the ending. Karl won’t be able to hide from his Jewish background for long. His family isn’t safe in Germany no matter how much his father thinks that Nazism is a passing political phase. The Nuremberg Laws and Kristallnacht and Dachau and the entire Holocaust itself are coming, impending doom hanging over the events of any novel set in pre-war Germany, especially any novel involving a Jewish protagonist.

Yet, The Berlin Boxing Club held several surprises and revelations for me. I didn’t know much about German heavyweight boxing champion Max Schmeling who stars in this novel as Karl’s mentor. As Karl learns to box from the champ, he “comes of age”, and he learns to respect his own father, an intellectual and an art dealer with his own secret past. Over the course of the novel, Max Schmeling, the hero of Aryan racial superiority, has two fights with black American heavyweight champion, Joe Louis. I had a vague memory of the matches, but I didn’t remember who won.

I learned about Schmelling, about the culture and atmosphere of pre-war Berlin, about the art scene in Berlin at that time, about boxing, and most of all, about how complicated people can be. Schmeling hobnobs with the Nazi elite, including Hitler himself, and yet Schmeling’s manager is Jewish.

Karl feels the contradictions and conflicts of the time within himself. He’s an artist and a fighter. He loves his intellectual father, but he identifies with the more physical men at the Berlin Boxing Club. He despises and fears homosexuals, but it is a homosexual friend who rescues him and his sister on Kristallnacht. He admires and is grateful to Max Schmeling, but he doesn’t know if he can really trust him.

I would recommend this book for older teens. Some of the scenes and characters are too mature for younger readers. As I think about it, the book would make a good movie, but it would definitely be rated at least PG-13, probably R.

Dodsworth in Rome by Tim Egan

Oct13

Cybils nominee: Easy Readers Nominated by Sondra Eklund at SonderBooks.

Dodsworth and the duck have apparently been to New York, Paris, and London in previous books in this series about a mole?/badger?/some kind of animal with a pointy nose named Dodsworth and his sidekick, simply known as “the duck.” In this book Dodsworth and the duck are on vacation in Rome.

The pair tour Rome, at first from the seat of a scooter, and then on foot. They visit the Coliseum, the Pantheon, the Trevi Fountain, and the Sistine Chapel. They eat gelato, and then when they come into some unexpected funds,lots of other very Italian dishes at nice Italian restaurants. The duck tries his hand at throwing pizzas, and Dodsworth tries to keep the duck and himself out of trouble.

I think kids would like this series with its simple jokes and wordplay. Dodsworth and the duck are like a comedy team, and as they explore Rome, kids get a fun introduction to that city and a chuckle or two. The funny parts reminded me of the classic Amelia Bedelia because the duck tends to take comments rather literally with comedic results.

Z-baby: Wow! I never knew that Italy was in Rome!
Me: No, Rome is in Italy. Rome is the city, and it’s in the country of Italy.
Z-baby: Oh, now I get it.

*This book is nominated for a Cybils Award, and I am a judge for the first round thereof. However, no one paid me any money, and nobody knows which books will get to be finalists or which ones will get the awards. In other words, this review reflects my opinion and Z-baby’s and nothing else.

1921: Events and Inventions

Oct7

January, 1921. The Allies from World War I fix German war debts at 132 million gold marks, to be paid out over 42 years. Germany is practically broke and unable to pay, so the German government asks for a postponement of the debt.

February, 1921. Greece defies the League of Nations and declares war on Turkey, invading Anatolia (western Turkey).

'Middle_East_Map' photo (c) 2008, openDemocracy - license: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/February 12, 1921. The Democratic Republic of Georgia is invaded by Bolshevist Russia.
On February 25, the Red Army enters Georgian capital Tbilisi and installs a Moscow-directed communist government. The Russian Communists are expanding their influence and power throughout the region of Eastern Europe.

April 11, 1921. Out of territory taken from the Ottoman Empire, the British create The Emirate of Transjordan, with Abdullah I as emir. The British continue to exercise some control over the region, and a smaller part of the British mandate in Palestine is reserved to fulfill the British promise of a Jewish homeland. More and more Jews are coming to Palestine, especially since the U.S. has tightened its immigration laws to allow very few immigrants from Eastern Europe.

July 11, 1921. The Red Army captures Mongolia from the White Army and establishes the Mongolian People’s Republic. Mongolia will be a close ally of the Soviet Union for the remainder of the twentieth century.

July, 1921. Canadians Sir Frederick Grant Banting and Charles Herbert Best demonstrate that they can control diabetes in dogs by giving them an extract of insulin from the pancreas of healthy dogs. For this work, Banting and laboratory director MacLeod receive the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1923. Banting and Best make the patent for insulin available without charge and do not attempt to control commercial production.

August, 1921. As a result of drought, disease, and civil war, famine is devastating Russia. Lenin appeals to the international community for aid.

'Map Of Ireland' photo (c) 2009, Michael 1952 - license: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/September, 1921. The world’s first racing track/highway, the Avus Autobahn in Berlin, Germany opens exclusively to motor traffic. The racing track, also a public highway, is 19.5 kilometers (12 miles) long.

November, 1921. Benito Mussolini declares himself to be “Il Duce” (the leader) of the National Fascist Party of Italy.

December, 1921. The predominantly Catholic counties of southern Ireland become the independent country, the Irish Free State. Northern Ireland, mostly Protestant but with a significant Catholic minority, remains a part of the United Kingdom (Britain). Neither North nor South is entirely satisfied with the compromise.

1920: Books and Literature

Oct4

Hercule Poirot appears for the first time in 1920 in the Agatha Christie novel, The Mysterious Affair at Styles. He is a Belgian retired police detective and genius, living in England as a refugee from the recent war. Captain Hastings describes Poirot in chapter two of The Mysterious Affair at Styles:

“He was hardly more than five feet four inches but carried himself with great dignity. His head was exactly the shape of an egg, and he always perched it a little on one side. His moustache was very stiff and military. Even if everything on his face was covered, the tips of moustache and the pink-tipped nose would be visible.
The neatness of his attire was almost incredible; I believe a speck of dust would have caused him more pain than a bullet wound. Yet this quaint dandified little man who, I was sorry to see, now limped badly, had been in his time one of the most celebrated members of the Belgian police.”

Also published in 1920:
This Side of Paradise by F. Scott Fitzgerald. Fitzgerald’s debut novel was a critical success, but it has been somewhat overshadowed by his most famous and successful book, The Great Gatsby.

Main Street by Sinclair Lewis. Main Street was initially awarded the 1921 Pulitzer Prize for literature, but it was rejected by the Board of Trustees, who overturned the jury’s decision. Semicolon review here.

Age of Innocence by Edith Wharton. Newland Archer is torn between the expectations of society and his own desire for stability and respectability and the passion and adventure he experiences with the exciting and forbidden Countess Olenska. He must choose between May Welland, the woman whom all New York society expects him to marry, and Ellen Olenska, the woman who needs his love and awakens his passion. This novel actually won the 1921 Pulitzer Prize for literature after Main Street was rejected.

Women in Love by D.H. Lawrence.

The Story of Doctor Dolittle by Hugh Lofting.

The Bridal Wreath by Sigrid Undset. This novel about a young Norwegian girl in the Middle Ages is the first in a trilogy of books about the life of the fictional Kristin Lavransdatter. It is a lovely set of books, well worth the time and energy that it takes to read them in translation. Sigrid Undset won the Nobel Prize for literature in 1928. Semicolon review of Kristin Lavransdatter. More on the novel here.

For more book suggestions check out Reading the Twenties by Dani Torres at A Work in Progress.